AEMCA Practice Exam 2026 – 400 Free Practice Questions to Pass the Exam

In head injury patients, maintaining an end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) value within the range of 35-40 mmHg is crucial for several reasons related to intracranial pressure and cerebral perfusion. This range helps ensure that the patient maintains adequate cerebral blood flow while minimizing the risk of further brain injury.

When ETCO2 levels are too low, which occurs with hyperventilation, there is a risk of cerebral vasoconstriction. This can lead to decreased blood flow to the brain, potentially worsening the patient's condition. Conversely, if the ETCO2 levels are too high, it can result in increased intracranial pressure, compromising neurological function and possibly leading to herniation.

By targeting the ETCO2 range of 35-40 mmHg, medical professionals can optimize carbon dioxide levels, balancing the needs for adequate oxygenation and preventing harmful increases in intracranial pressure. This approach is especially critical in the management of head trauma, where the goal is to reduce secondary brain injury and promote healing.